End-Stage Liver Disease in India

Liver transplantation is the most common way to treat End-stage liver disease.

The cost of liver transplant in India starts at $25500- $33236 (Liver transplantation hospitals in India promise good health treatments at competitive costs than the rest of the world.
A liver transplant is a major surgery that requires the use of high-tech instruments, medicines, and medical consumables along with a highly trained medical staff.

End-Stage Liver Disease

Liver transplantation is the most common way to treat End-stage liver disease. However in some cases  patients die before undergoing transplantation while others are not the right candidate for this treatment method. The End-stage liver disease Treatment cost in India may be more than 25000 usd.
As cirrhosis is the major cause of End-stage liver disease doctors try to target it for treatment. Especially, patients with hepatitis have cirrhosis. But the type of hepatitis makes a difference in cirrhosis treatment. For instance antivirus drugs including interferon, are effective for viral hepatitis. On the contrary, drugs like corticosteroids work for autoimmune hepatitis. Their major role is to suppress your immune system. Other medications are also prescribed to treat abdominal pain and itching.

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What is a liver transplant?

A liver transplant is a surgical procedure that removes a liver that does not work properly anymore (liver failure) and substitutes a healthy liver from a donor.
Liver transplantation is for patients who have complications following chronic end-stage liver disease. A liver transplant may also be a treatment option in the rare event that a healthy liver suddenly fails.
The number of patients waiting for a liver transplant far exceeds the count of deceased donors available.
The live donor liver transplant is an alternative to waiting for the availability of a deceased donor liver. Transplantation of the liver by a living donor is possible because the human liver grows and returns to normal size soon after a little of it is removed.

What does the Liver do?

The liver is located on the right side of the abdomen and weighs approximately 1500 g.The liver is composed of two large parts, called the right and left lobes. The gallbladder is located below the liver, along with the pancreas and intestines. The liver and these organs work hand in hand to digest, absorb and process food.The liver is the body’s largest internal organ, performs a variety of important functions, including 

• Preventing infections
• Removing bacteria and toxins from the blood
• Controlling immune responses
• Processing nutrients, medications, and hormones
• Making proteins that help the blood clot
• Producing bile, which helps the body absorb fats including cholesterol and fat-soluble vitamins
• Storing vitamins, minerals, fats, and sugars for use by the body

What investigations:

To check your general health, blood group, and tissue type, you’ll need a lot of blood tests.
Blood group: In order to find a suitable donor, you’ll need to know your blood group. This is a straightforward blood test. Your donor must have the same blood group as you.
Organ and blood functions: Blood tests will be performed to determine the function of your kidneys, liver, and blood clotting ability.
Infection and general health: Your blood will be tested for infection and diseases (such as HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C) as well as to keep track of your overall health.

Why would you require a liver transplant?

Patients with the following conditions may require a liver transplant:

• Alcoholism causes liver damage (Alcoholic cirrhosis)
• Hepatocellular carcinoma, Hepatoblastoma, Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma, and other liver cancers
• Primary biliary cirrhosis
• Active infection (hepatitis B or C) that has been active for a long time (chronic infection)
• Liver (hepatic) vein clot (thrombosis)
• Birth defects of the liver or bile ducts (biliary atresia)
• Metabolic disorders associated with liver failure (e.g., Wilson’s disease)
  

Who is a Good Liver Donor?

• Biological siblings are usually the best donors alive because of matching. 
• Have the same blood group.
• The donor should be in good physical and mental health.
• The donor must be at least 18 years old and under 50 years old.
• The donor must not be obese or have fatty liver.

Guidelines for a Liver Transplant in India

To take advantage of liver transplantation in India, there are some guidelines, steps, and protocols that are enforced by the government. 

• The donor and the recipient must be related to each other.
• The donor should be in the age range of 18 to 50 years preferably.
• It is advisable that living donors should be mentally healthy.
• A physically fit donor with no diseases improves outcomes.
• Recipient and donor should apply to the Chairman, Authorization Committee, Jeevandan AP in Form-11 & treatment certificate given by the treating Nephrologist and Urologist and Transplant Surgeon / Liver Transplant Surgeon along with necessary documents for granting permission for transplantation.
• The application should be forwarded by the Hospital Administrator / Medical Superintendent/ Medical Director of the hospital concerned where the transplantation is proposed to be carried out along with all necessary documents. The decision of the committee will be sent to the hospital from which hospital the application is forwarded, but not directly to the recipient.
• Family structure certificates should include self, father, mother, brother(s), sister(s), spouse, son(s), and daughter(s) with name, age, and address.
• The permission given is valid for a particular patient and donor, the hospital, doctors (Nephrologist and Transplant Surgeon) from which the application is forwarded to the committee and cannot be transferable.
• No foreigner can undergo transplantation with an Indian donor. They can bring the donor from their country of origin duly certified/forwarded by their Embassy for transplantation in India.
• A certificate of non-objection is issued to the patient by the high commission of the patient’s country of origin in India, which is then presented to the hospital.
• Cases submitted to the transplant board for authorization. The patient shall submit all necessary documents for the approval of the Transplant Committee.
• Lastly approval of the Committee

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Fortis Memorial Research Institute

Number of beds:    1000
ICU Beds:                  298
Airport Distance:  17 KMs

Brief About:

• Fortis Memorial Research Institute was established in 2001.
• It is an outstanding multi-speciality quaternary care hospital,having the top-notch infrastructure, advanced equipment, highly qualified and experienced medical professionals and super sub-specialists.
• Fortis Hosptial Gurgaon is an advanced centre of excellence in Robotic Surgery, Neurosciences, Oncology, Renal Sciences, BMT, Organ Transplants, Orthopaedics, Cardiac Sciences and Obstetrics & Gynaecology.

Indraprastha Apollo Hospital

No. of beds: 900
ICU Beds:     262
Airport:  20kms

About Hospital:

• Indraprastha Apollo Hospital is a flagship hospital of India’s foremost healthcare groups,the Apollo Group. It is a highly renowned multi-speciality facility that offers tertiary and quaternary care services to domestic and international patients.
• The 900 bedded hospital is outfitted with the most modern technology for diagnostics as well as therapeutic purposes.
• A team of highly trained medical professionals work under all the 52 specialities at the hospital.

Artemis Hospital Gurgaon

Number of beds:  600
ICU Beds:                185
Airport Distance: 19 Km

Brief About:

• Artemis Hospital, established in 2007, spread across 9 acres, is a 600plus bed; state-of-the-art multi-speciality hospital located in Gurgaon, India.
• Artemis Hospital is the first JCI and NABH accredited hospital in Gurgaon.
• Designed as one of the most advanced hospitals in India, Artemis provides a depth of expertise in the spectrum of advanced medical & surgical interventions, a comprehensive mix of inpatient and outpatient services.

BLK-Max Hospital

Number of beds: 700
ICU Beds:               175
Airport Distance: 13 Km

Brief About:

• BLK Super Speciality Hospital was established by Dr. B.L. Kapur  in 1959. It was inaugurated by the then Prime Minister of India, Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru.
  
• BLK Super Speciality Hospital was established by Dr. B.L. Kapur  in 1959. It was inaugurated by the then Prime Minister of India, Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru.
• BLK has a unique combination of the best in class technology, put to use by the best names in the professional circles to ensure world-class health care to all patients.

Max Hospital Saket

Number of beds:   500
ICU Beds:                 267
Airport Distance: 13 KM

Brief About:

• Max Super Speciality Hospital at Saket is one of the topmost healthcare service
• Providers in India. The multi-super speciality hospital has a capacity of over 500 beds, 250 functional beds. It is equipped with state-of-the-art facilities, advanced technologies.
• With the help of over 300 leading specialist Doctors, strong nursing staff, and state-of-the-art innovative medical tools.

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Medanta The Medicity Hospital

Number of beds:  1250
ICU Beds:                300
Airport Distance: 18 KMs

Brief About:

• Medanta – The Medicity is amongst India’s largest and most renowned multi-super speciality healthcare centre with 1250 beds, 29 super speciality units and more than 800 accomplished doctors.
• Supported by state-of-art infrastructure, all the departments in the hospital are fully equipped with cutting-edge technology, modular Operation Theatre and modernized monitoring systems in ICUs.
• The panel of doctors from Medanta, headed by A.S.Soin performed the first successful intestinal transplant in India.

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